Furnace for metallurgical and smelting purposes.



PATENTS -TUNE 2, 1908.

.,K. BIRKBLAND @E s. HYDE.

FURNAGB POR 'METALLURGICAL AIN'D SMELTING PURPOSES.-` APPLICATION FILED JAN. s, 1906.

'4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 No. :389;431( PATVENTEB JUNE 2, rm.

' K. BIRKELAND a; s. BYDB.

FURNACB FR MBTALLURGIGAL .AND SMELTING PURPOSES.

l APPLICATION FILED Jams, 190e. Y

4 SHEETS-SHEETS.

No.884l. n PATENTED JUNZylQOS.

y' K.BIRKELAND & & EYDE.. PURNAGB FOR MBTALLURGI -AND SMELTING PURPOSESQ:

v AP 4 PLIOATION F JAN. 6, 19 )6.

.17u/67@ fami,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

To all who'm. it may concern:

ich.

I -KRISTIAN BIRKELAN D, LYSAKER, NEAR CHRISTIANIA, AND SAMUEL EYDE, OF

v CHRlSTIANI-A, NORWAY.-

FU'RNACE FO 'METALLURGICAL AND SMELTING PURPOSES. i

-Be it known that we, KRIs'riAN Bunnie- LAND and SAMUEL EYDE, subjects of the King of Norway, residing, respectively, at

Lysaker, near Christiania, and at Ohristiania, Norway, have invented certain new and use-'- ful lm rovements in Furnaces for Metallurgica and. for Smelting Purposes; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descri tion of the invention',

liers skilled in theart l to which it appertains to make and use 'the saine,l reference being had to the accompanying drawin s, and to letters or fl'g'ures of reference mar ed thereon, which forni a part of this specification. i y

vOur invention relates to furnaces for metallurgical and for smelting purposes, such. as

are used in the treatment of ores to produce metals or for smelting glass.

More especially our invention relates to such furnaces in which the treated solid matter is exposed to the'action of any electric arc.

The object of our invention is to improve the efcienc of this kind 'offurnaces ,and to so arrange t e electric are, that a great quantity of material "may be eectively .acted upon and. heated "b means of only a single -l and nature obtained by sion current between e e 1' by obtained1 w set of. electrodes. `or this purpose We make use of an electric arc 'of the peculiar shape passing a high tenctiodes so placed in a strong magnetic field, that the points of the electrodes arein near proximity to eachV other. The es ecial nature of the arc thereliich as explained in prior patents enables us to obtain a'constant disk shaped ilameof a diameter of 3 or 4 feet or even more on a single pair `of electrodes and vkeep it burning for days and weeks withoutinjury'y tothe electrodes,='n iakes it very-useful insrrieltingv operations; this not only becauserof its great surface of radiation and the fact, th-at'itsenergy is toa great extent con- -ce'ntrated in the eriphcry, but also for the' i 1 reason that the e cctrodes may, be so placed thatthey are out of the way from the smeltingi zone proper and can not get injured by the handling of the material;

ur invention also comprises a special ar- Specification of Letters Patent. Application ied january 6, 1906. Serial No. 294,900.

Patented Jun@ s, isos.

rangement of the magnetic field `whereby the form of the disk vHaine inabe modified to take a more or less spherica or vaultsha-ped form, which shape may -for the purposes of this invention be more suitable than a glane disk. This spherical vshape of the ame is produced byA means of a vmagnetic field, in which the lines of force are not symmetrially distributed relatively vto` the dame; such. field.' can be obtained by disposing inducing members of .less capacit.v on one side of the electrodes than on the `other as will be hereinafter explained.

Other features of our invention Will bevestplained` with reference tothe annexed drawings inwhich:

tal section of a metallurgicalor smeltingfurnace; Figs. 3, 4' and 5 showverticalsections of three different formsl of modified furnaces, chiefly designed for glass melting and the like. Figs. 6 and 7 are cross-sections, .taken from opposite directions, `of a furnace-having alflame arranged in a substantially vertice1 ane. P In Figs.I (1 and 2 Ai a" furnace vault shaped roof B.

C is an annularheartimr smelting channel. Above the hearth are mounted two electrodes D; placed diametrically in the furnace. In the center of the furnace sole the pole Eef a powerful. magnet is enlarged;4 F is a closed by a smaller magnet mounted in the roof'of-the4 furnace.

G is mined-chute andfHattaphcle; there may ,be arranged several holes.

There may be chutes* and tapl laced an iron ring F', in,

" Figure 1 is a verticalandlFig. 2 ahorizcn- I dicat'ed in dotted inesin the masonry Worin 90 of the -fiir'nace, which ring will increase` the The annular channel may be continuous all round or made iii two halves.

In the form shown in Fig. 3 there is ar- Jnagnetic action in thevperipheral parts of i ranged e. sioping terrece-ornied annuler hearth K outside o1? the annular channel L, The Vmateriel is brought in on the upperinost step of the terrace, through several openings M and 'the meteriul thereupon in e. molten Stute runs down from step 'to step tii it reaches the channel L end ie thereby exposed to the action of the heme: in this .instance pulsetory magnetic 'field is or may he marie use of. Iwhereby the flame may lhe caused to vibrate or swing up and down as indicated by dotted lines. The tierno or the peripheral part or" the seine 1e therein;-r

hrougnt very neer to the material flowing. 'down the terrace steps in thin streams, so

that e very energetic ectionis obtained.

N is e chernher into which the molten l Ineseruns ronrthe chnnnei L and from furnace there which it nrneyvhe teken out through the opening U. The*hottorn and top magnets ere shown connected with erms whereby e concentration of megneticines of Atorce is obtained.`

in 'the modiicetion shown in Fie'. thev .covered by the veruit-shaped, Herne and a.

very energetic heating is thereby obtained.

in Fig. 5 We show en arrangement which is different from the one shown in Fig. :i in that the strongest magnet is placed on the to whereby the 'Herne will turn its convex si e downwards.

it may be convenient in the furnaces described to piece the electrodes at en angle With-each other so that thejT obtain e'posif,

tion suhstentieiiy parallel to the sloping sole.

In Fig. S and 7 We show' e furnace having the flame arranged in a substantially verticel lane'. in this form of furnace e smelting rearth Q, iserrenged in the longitudinal exis of the furnece R. in one end of the ie 'formed en opening S through which the raw material is fed into f the furnace and in the other end Ythere ise.

tephole T. On both sides of .the hearth there is e. free space U in each of which e pair of eiectrodes Vere arranged so that a vertical or suhstantilly vertical flame as indicated with dotted lines is formed. The magnet system consists of' the horseshoeformed electro-magnet Wand el piece of iron on X placed underneath the hearth. The current on the electrodes and on the inegeeefrei net windings ieee arranged ee 'to cause the herne only to he formed on the top eide ci" the electrodes. The rianne will purtlv flirectly heet the sides of the hearth, perth; radiate heet on the materiel on theheertii, and partly creete enupgo'ing etreenf ci hot nir, which Wili'he reflected (town on vthe me teriel from the roo'f of' the urnece.

Claims.

l. in en'eleetric furnace, electrodes, menne letter, e hearth adjacent the nrc ep between the electrode hut not immediate y below the eeme, ineene to prevent materie? 'fed thereen 'orn coming into contact with the are ende nrc over the hearth,

2. in en electric furnace, e pair ci eiec tro'des, ineens to produce strong magnetic held varying-in intensity between the 'heid producing means, the crc ,gap between the electrodeect euhstentiellj the center o seni 'ield, end e. hearth situated to one side of the arc a end ma netic field. center and Within the elii .and inuence of the spread crc.

= 3. in enf-electric furnace, e peir ci electrodee, Ineens to produce en crc between the ends of the letter, a hearth adapted to pre-A vent material fed thereon 'frorn'coniing into and magnets of different intensity adapted to spread theerc over the' hearth.

ends of the tter, e. hearth beneath both centricwith the channel', means to feeri me teriel onto the steps, end Ineens to spread the crc over the nicterzei.

nuler hearth, a pair et electrodes having.` their ends extending over the center thereof;J Ineens for feeding raw materiel onto the hearth, Ineens to produce en arc between the electrodes, end magnets mounted centrelly orF the hearth adapted to spread. the arc over the hearth'. l

6. in sin electric furnace, e heerth'having u centra-l aperture, e pair of electrodes projecting over the aperture, menne to pro uce an are between the electrodes, and magnets mounted above und below the apertures adapted to s reed the ere over the hearth.

7. in un e ectric furnace, e hearth having a central eperture,e pair of electrodes project? ing over the aperture, means to produce an. arc between the electrodes, and magnets of unequal intensity mounted above and below the e.A ertures, for the purpose specified.

8. n al1-electric furnace, e. hearth having a the, heart surrounding the aperture., a. lurehtyh of steps surrounding the charme-, f.,

X to prcduceen o .rc between the ends of the of the electrodes and meene te spread the' contact with the arc ends of the electrodes,I

e. in. on electric furnace, e peil' of' elec-I trodee, ineens to produce an nrc hetween the..

electrodes having e channel therein suri rounding Seid ends, e plurality or steps con 5. in an electric furnace', e. che'nneleii en# central a erture and a concentric channel in 'lng over the. aperture, means to produce :xn

r. between tho electrodes., nrenns tu food f A mw nmtvrml onto the stopsnf the hearth, a

nmglwii mounted centrally ul th aperture,

@miur magnet of greater intonsity than the', :rl'nrcsnd magnet mounted above the latter. 5

In vstimonyl that'. wo clainl the foregoing @as our invention, We have signed ur'narnesj f 1n presence. of two subscrbmgmtnesses KRISTIAN- vB[I:UELA1\"'D. SAMUEL EYDE. Witnesss: 'l

HENRY Bonnnwrcn,

M1011 AEL ALGER. 

